Microbes are the part of our lives in more ways than most understand. They have shaped the present environment and their activities will greatly influence our future. Microbiology is one of the most applied of all the biological sciences.

The science of microbiology is subdivided into a number of diverse fields: Bacteriology is the study of the bacteria, Virology the study of viruses. Protozoology the study of protozoans, Phycology the study of algae, and Mycology is the study of fungi. These fields center around the kinds of organisms under study. Other fields of microbiology, center around where the microbes grow and have the most significant effects like medical microbiology, food microbiology, agricultural microbiology, industrial microbiology, environmental microbiology, waste treatment technology, microbial-biotechnology, etc. The terms related to the fields, which were coined/emerged in recent past years, have been included.