Influence of Organic Matter Content on Physico-chemical and Eco-Biological Properties of Soil and its Management

1. Munish Sharma
   Department of Plant sciences, central university of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, 176206, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh
2. Arvind Kumar Sharma
   Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University) Haridwar- 249404, Uttarakhand
3. Navneet
   Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University) Haridwar- 249404, Uttarakhand
4. Munit Sharma
   Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University) Haridwar- 249404, Uttarakhand
   *Corresponding author: rs.munitsharma@gkv.ac.in

Abstract

The edaphic conditions and the environment are significantly influenced by soil structure. It is frequently expressed as the degree of aggregate stability. Aggregation is caused by particle rearrangement, flocculation and cementation. Soil organic carbon, biota, ionic bridging, clay, and carbonates all have a role in soil structure. Microorganisms, fresh scraps and humus fractions make up soil organic matter. Measurement of soil microbial activity, in combination with soil physicochemical properties can be a useful technique for constructing a comprehensive profile of soil fertility and can be used to improve fertilizer recommendation efficiency. The biogeochemical cycle of nutrients in the soil is cantered on soil microorganisms. The heterotrophic activity of soil microbes as a whole is directly tied and defined by soil fertility. Physical and chemical qualities as well as temperature, moisture, nutrition and other elements that directly affect biological activity, influence the breakdown of additional residues and soil organic matter. Researchers are still looking into soil organic matter, and this review found that it has good effects on soil structure, soil porousness, soil electroconductivity, microorganisms, carbon and nitrogen rates. Knowledge of soil microorganisms and biological processes can help to improve the scientific basis for management decisions, such as deciding which species to plant and cultivate in agricultural areas.

Keywords: Soil structure, Ecobiological properties, Microorganisms, Physico-chemical properties, Soil organic matter